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The ''Monarch'' class was a class of three coastal defence ships, built by Austria-Hungary at the end of the 19th century. The ''Monarch''s were the first ships of their type to utilize turrets. The class comprised three ships: , , and , each armed with four L/40 guns in two turrets and capable of at full speed. ''Budapest'' was fitted with slightly more modern and powerful engines, giving her a top speed of . ''Monarch'' was launched on 9 May 1895, ''Wien'' on 7 July 1895, and ''Budapest'' just over a year later on 24 July 1896. The ships saw very little service during World War I in the V Division of the Austro-Hungarian fleet. ''Budapest'' and ''Wien'' took part in the bombardment of Italian positions along the Adriatic coast in 1915 and 1917, but the three battleships went largely inactive for the remainder of war. In 1917, ''Wien'' was struck by Italian torpedoes and sank in her home port of Trieste. The remaining two ships were ceded to Great Britain following the end of the war and were scrapped between 1920 and 1922. == Construction == In the 1890s the Austro-Hungarian Navy consisted of two obsolescent ironclads, the ''Rudolph'' and the ''Stephanie''. By 1893, sufficient funds were available to build three replacement ships, but the Hungarian and Austrian parliaments authorized only the construction of a smaller class of coastal defense ships, as Austro-Hungarian naval policy at that time was primarily concerned with coastal defense. The three new ships—''Budapest'', ''Wien'', and ''Monarch''—weighed about , half the size of the battleships of other navies. ''Budapest'' was fitted with more powerful engines than her sister ships, giving her a higher top speed. ''Budapest'' and ''Wien'' were built in the Stabilimento Tecnico Triestino yards in Trieste, and ''Monarch'' was constructed at the Naval Arsenal in Pula. The first ship of the class, ''Wien'', was laid down on 16 February 1893. She was launched on 7 July 1895, about a month after the ''Monarch''. Despite this, ''Wien'' was the first ship of the new class to be commissioned into the Austro-Hungarian Navy, on 13 May 1897. The second ship of the class, ''Monarch'', was laid down on 31 July 1893, launched on 9 May 1895, and was commissioned into the Austro-Hungarian Navy on 11 May 1898. ''Budapest'' was the third and final ship of the class. She was laid down on the same day as ''Wien'', on 16 February 1893, and launched from the Naval Arsenal in Pula on 24 July 1896. She was commissioned on 12 May 1898, a day after ''Monarch''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Monarch-class coastal defense ship」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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